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The
most common way to cite sources is to
use a bibliography or "Works Cited" list
at the end of your paper. The works cited
list includes a citation for each of the
sources
you used to write your paper. The citations
are formatted
in a consistent style according to one
of several standard citation formats. Two
of the most
common formats for college research
papers are the MLA (Modern Language Association)
and
the APA (American
Psychological Association) styles. Be
sure to check with your instructors to see
which
one
they prefer. Additional information regarding
when to cite sources can be found under "Understanding
Plagiarism."
The
examples listed below were created by VVC
librarians and are based on the 5th ed. of
the APA
Manual. These examples represent some
of the most often used resources found in
the VVC library. For further example,
please refer to copies of the manual located
in
the reference stacks (Ref. BF 76.7 P83 2001).
| Caution: If
your browser is set to a large text
size, the formatting on this page will
not display correctly. Note that all
citations should be double-spaced and
indented five spaces after the first
line. |
Skolnick,
A. (1997). Paintings of
California.
Berkeley, CA: University of California.
Bergeron,
J. D., & Bizjak,
G. (1996). First responder (4th
ed.). Englewood Cliffs,
NJ: Brady
Prentice-Hall.
A
book by an
organization or corporate
author: |
American
Medical Association. (1989). American
Medical Association
encyclopedia
of medicine.
New York: Random House.
| Article
in a reference book: |
Rogerson,
S. (1998). Computer and information ethics.
In Ruth Chadwick (Ed.),
Encyclopedia
of applied ethics (Vol. 1, pp.
563-570). San Diego, CA:
Academic
Press.
Arrington,
R. L. (Ed.). (1999). A companion to
the philosophers.
Malden, MA: Blackwell.
Chopin,
K. (1985). The awakening. In
S. Gilbert & S. Gubar (Eds.), Norton
anthology
of literature by women (pp.
991-1102). New
York: Norton & Co.
White,
J. E. (1999, November 1). Racism in advertising? Time,
154, 90.
| Article
from a scholarly journal (volume with continuous pagination): |
South,
S. J., & Crowder, K. D. (1998).
Avenues and barriers to residential
mobility among
single mothers. Journal of Marriage and
the Family, 60,
| Article
from the "Taking Sides" series: |
Gately,
D., & Schwebel, A. I. (1998).
Favorable outcomes in children
after parental
divorce. In D. S. DelCampo & R.
L. DelCampo (Eds.),
Taking
sides: Clashing
views on controversial issues in childhood
and
society (pp.
139-150). Guilesford, CT: Dushkin/McGraw-Hill.
| Article
from the "Gale Literary" series: |
McCracken, E. (1989). Sandra Cisnero's The
house on Mango Street:
Community oriented introspection and the demystification
of patriarchal
violence.
In J. W. Hunter & T. J. White
(Eds.), Contemporary literary
criticism (Vol. 188, pp. 170-175). Detroit, MI:
The Gale Group.
Johnson,
C. (2000, April 26). County to sue over corruption.
Daily Press,
pp. A1, A6. 
| Magazine
article from Infotrac: |
Wright,
K. (1999, July). Pupfish in peril. Discover, 20, 42. Retrieved April 29,
2000,
from Infotrac Expanded Academic ASAP database.
| Journal
article from Infotrac: |
Stolzenberg,
L., & D'Alessio, S. (1997).
Three strikes and you're out: The
impact
of California's new mandatory sentencing
law on serious crime
rates. Crime
and Delinquency, 43, 457-470.
Retrieved March 22, 2000,
from
Infotrac Expanded Academic
ASAP database.
| Newspaper
article from NewsBank and LexisNexis: |
Dobbs, M., & Blustein, P. (1999, September 12). Lost illusions about
Russia: U.S. backers of ill-fated reforms now portrayed as naïve.
The Washington Post, p. A1. Retrieved May 3, 2000, from Newsbank
NewsFile database.
Colburn, D. (2000, March 10). Doctor-assisted suicide cases flat in 2005.
The Oregonian, p. D1. Retrieved September 7, 2006, from LexisNexis Academic
| Article
from CQ
Researcher and Opposing Viewpoints: |
Masci, D. (2000, February 18). Legacy of the Vietnam War. CQ Researcher, 10, 113-136.
Retrieved March 23, 2000, from CQ Researcher database.
Grigg, W. (2005). The forced drugging of students diagnosed with ADHD is a serious
problem. In W. Dudley (Ed.), Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders. Retrieved
September 7, 2006, from Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center database.
| Article
from an online encyclopedia: |
Strawson, G. (2004). Free will. In E. Craig (Ed.), Routledge encyclopedia of philosophy.
London: Routledge. Retrieved July 26, 2006, from Routledge Encyclopedia of
Philosophy database.
Katz, L. (1995). How can we strengthen children's self-esteem? Retrieved July 26,
2006, from http://www.kidsource.com/kidsource/content2/Strenghten_Children_
| Internet
source (no date on source): |
McLeod, K. (nd.). Deaf culture explained: A primer. Retrieved July 26, 2006, from
http://www.deafprofessional.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=
view&id+211&Itemid=40
| Internet
source - Sponsored by a university: |
Tomlin, R. (2004, July 9). Stem cell research plays small role in Alzheimer's research.
Retrieved July 26, 2006, from the Baylor College of Medicine Web site:
http://www.bcm.edu/news/item.cfm?newsID=9
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